According to the logic of gridlock, therefore, the gridlock interval acts as an absorbing zone that exhibits a vice-like grip on policy. This state of “excess gridlock” is driven by the voter being forward-looking and lacking commitment power. Gridlock intervals define the political zone in which existing policies are unlikely to change given supermajority voting requirements for overriding vetoes on the one hand, and overcoming. the gridlock interval face an irresistible pressure to be changed, with the change moving policy inside the gridlock interval, and the new policy untouchable thereafter. From the voter’s perspective, gridlock occurs at an inefficiently high frequency. Gridlock of this form is more likely to occur during periods of economic or political stability and, when it occurs, suggests that traditional measures of legislator ideology will overstate polarization. Our application of a pivotal politics model leads us to reject the notion that appointments gridlock is a straightforward consequence of divided government. policies that lie outside the gridlock interval, but because locations of status quo policies are difficult to measure, previous empirical tests of gridlock. This interval depends on two factors: (1) the preference configuration of the political actors and (2) the legislative procedures used in a particular period. Policy bundling can also increase gridlock: a player may veto or delay a bipartisan alternative, which is unanimously preferred to the status quo, so that in the future they can bundle this same alternative with a divisive alternative that otherwise would not pass. I show that the prevailing wisdom that policy bundling reduces gridlock-by facilitating compromise across different policy areas-is incomplete. Gridlock Interval Explain how this model helps us make predictions about when policy change will occur Carlson POLI 10-Week 9 Novem4 / 26. from diagnosis to start of treatment, 30 days (95 confidence interval CI. I consider a dynamic model of bargaining where alternatives to the status quo arrive stochastically during the bargaining process, the proposer can bundle multiple alternatives into a single proposal, and a forward-looking voter elects the agenda-setter. Gridlock from Diagnosis to Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.